1. ภาพรวมของกลโกง ABC What is the ABC Scam? ภาษาไทย (Thai) ในยุคที่การซื้อขายออนไลน์เป็นที่นิยมและสะดวกสบาย มิจฉาชีพก็ใช้โอกาสนี้คิดค้นกล...

Overview In the aftermath of a significant seismic event, such as the M7.7 earthquake  on March 28 affecting Myanmar, Thailand, and...

🎯 Objective To provide medical students and healthcare professionals with a systematic approach to selecting the correct type and size...

Introduction A cervical punch biopsy is a procedure used to obtain a small tissue sample from the cervix to investigate suspicious...

1. Introduction / บทนำ Manual Vacuum Aspiration (MVA) is a procedure used to evacuate the uterine contents by creating a vacuum inside...

1. Preparation and Patient Interaction Greet the Patient Introduce yourself (name and role). Confirm the patient’s name and gestational...

1. Prepare and Introduce Yourself 1.1 English : Wash your hands (basic hygiene). Greet the patient, introduce yourself (name, position),...

1. Introduction Thalassemia is a hereditary hemoglobin disorder characterized by reduced (or absent) production of one or more globin...

1. Basic Overview of Thalassemia Inheritance 1.1 Beta-Thalassemia Condition Genotype Typical Hb Pattern RBC Indices Clinical Severity...

Introduction Breaking bad news to patients is one of the most challenging tasks in clinical practice. Delivering serious or life-altering...

1. OSCE Station Overview Scenario : You are given an ultrasound indicating a suspected ectopic pregnancy (e.g., no intrauterine...

1. Definition and Epidemiology An ectopic pregnancy  is a pregnancy in which the embryo implants outside  the uterine cavity. It occurs...

A Pap smear , also called a Papanicolaou test , is a screening procedure for cervical cancer . It involves collecting cells from the...

Scenario: You are a healthcare provider in Thailand counseling a patient (or guardian) about the HPV vaccine and HPV DNA testing  as part...

Introduction Hypokalemia (low serum potassium) is a common electrolyte disturbance with potential cardiovascular, neuromuscular, and...

1. Introduction Randomized controlled trials are designed to isolate the effect of an intervention by randomly assigning participants to...

Introduction The copyright symbol (©)  is a universal mark used to indicate ownership of intellectual property. It serves as a legal...

Introduction Calcium channel blockers (CCBs) are widely used to manage hypertension, especially in patients who may not tolerate other...

1. What is a Cofactor? A cofactor  (also called a covariate  or prognostic factor ) is any variable measured in a study alongside the...

1. Introduction Contamination in clinical research arises when participants in the control group gain access to the intervention they are...

1. Introduction to Fungating Wounds Definition:  Fungating wounds arise from tumor cells infiltrating the skin or by metastatic spread to...

1. Introduction to Diagnostic Indices Diagnostic tests are central to clinical decision-making, whether for initial screening or...

1. Introduction to Survival Analysis Survival analysis is a set of statistical methods designed to examine and model the time  until a...

1. Introduction to Inferential Statistics In clinical research, we often collect data from a sample  and seek to make conclusions about a...